Multiple Choice
Identify the
letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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The
first phase of prenatal development is the a. | embryonic stage | b. | germinal
stage | c. | fetal stage | d. | postnatal
stage | | |
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2.
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The
age of viability, referring to the age at which the fetus __________, is reached
__________. a. | can first
respond to stimulation; at about 9 weeks | b. | can survive if born prematurely; between 22 and 26
weeks | c. | first has a heartbeat; at about 16
weeks | d. | experiences no further cell division in the brain; between 36
and 38 weeks | | |
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3.
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The
proximodistal trend in the motor development of children can be described simply as a. | a center-outward
direction | b. | a head-to-foot direction | c. | an
outward-inward direction | d. | a side-to-side direction | | |
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4.
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Valerie is 18 months old. Her productive vocabulary probably consists
of a. | fewer than 3
words | b. | 3 to 50 words | c. | 100 to 200
words | d. | about 500 words | | |
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5.
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A
child who says, "I sawed a cat in the yard," is making which of the following
errors? a. | overextension | b. | underextension | c. | overregularization | d. | underregularization | | |
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6.
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The
elementary school-age child who does well in school and who receives praise and support at home will
develop what Erikson calls a sense of a. | industry | b. | superiority | c. | generativity | d. | trust | | |
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7.
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The
tendency to focus on just one feature of a problem while neglecting other important aspects is
referred to as a. | assimilation | b. | centration | c. | object
impermanence | d. | reification | | |
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8.
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A
five-year-old boy tells you that his kindergarten class has more boys than children. This indicates
that he a. | fails to
understand the concept of reversibility | b. | dislikes girls | c. | cannot yet solve
problems involving conservation of number | d. | cannot handle hierarchical classification
problems | | |
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9.
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Dr.
Wilmark prescribes "medical marijuana" for her chemotherapy patients, even though it is in
violation of federal law. She believes it is morally wrong to cause unnecessary human suffering and,
if necessary, she is willing to serve time in jail rather than watch others suffer needlessly. Dr.
Wilmark's reasons for her actions reflect a. | postconventional moral reasoning | b. | conventional
moral reasoning | c. | preconventional moral reasoning | d. | authoritarian
moral reasoning | | |
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10.
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The
ratio of attempted suicides to completed suicides tends to be highest in which of the following age
groups? a. | preteens | b. | teenagers | c. | those at
midlife | d. | the aged | | |
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11.
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The
two identity statuses that decrease with age are a. | identity diffusion and identity
moratorium | b. | identity diffusion and identity
foreclosure | c. | identity moratorium and identity
foreclosure | d. | identity moratorium and identity
achievement | | |
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12.
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Donald and Marnie have three children under the age of five. Ralph and Carolyn have
three children between the ages of 8 and 13. Based on research into marital satisfaction across the
family life cycle, you should predict that if these couples are interviewed about their marriage and
their overall levels of marital satisfaction, a. | Ralph and Carolyn will report increases in their marital
satisfaction for the past few years, while Donald and Marnie will report decreases in their level of
satisfaction | b. | both couples will report decreases in their overall level of
marital satisfaction for the past few years | c. | Ralph and
Carolyn will report decreases in their marital satisfaction for the past few years, while Donald and
Marnie will report increases in their level of satisfaction | d. | both couples
will report increases in their overall level of marital satisfaction for the past few
years | | |
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13.
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Marilyn is 65 years old, and recently she has begun to notice that her vision has
changed significantly. She has most likely noticed that she has become a. | more far-sighted
and less able to use monocular depth cues effectively | b. | more
near-sighted and less able to adapt to low illumination | c. | more
near-sighted and less able to use monocular depth cues effectively | d. | more far-sighted
and less able to adapt to low illumination | | |
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14.
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The
local school board in Middletown has decided to introduce standardized assessment tests for all
students in the sixth grade. The test has separate sections for Math and English. Based on the
research into gender differences in cognitive abilities, you should expect that a. | the male
students will score higher than the female students on both sections of the assessment
test | b. | the female
students will score higher than the male students on both sections of the assessment
test | c. | the female
students will score higher than the male students on the English section of the assessment
test | d. | the female
students will score higher than the male students on the Math section of the assessment
test | | |
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15.
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You
and a friend are discussing the importance of fathers in children's overall development. Your friend
states that, "If we fail to promote increased involvement of fathers in the parenting process,
then we must accept the inevitable breakdown of other social values." This statement is an
example of the reasoning fallacy known as a. | circular-logic | b. | a
false-dichotomy | c. | a weak-analogy | d. | alternative-explanations | | |
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