1	Research Methods: A Tool for Life ESP: Science or Pseudoscience?
2	Science and Pseudoscience: Zener Cards
3	Science or Pseudoscience To demonstrate a typical approach for testing for the presence of ESP, follow the directions provided. For each of the 25 trials, try to predict which Zener figure the sender is trying to communicate.
4	Science and Pseudoscience
5	Zener Stimuli To Test for ESP
6	Zener Cards Trials 1-25
7	Science and Pseudoscience You expect to get 5 correct by chance How many correct did you get? Scores between 3 and 7 are said not to reveal any powers of ESP. Scores of 8 or above are said to reveal ESP Scores of 2 or 1 are said to reveal “negative Psi” Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zener_card
8	Science and Pseudoscience Why do you think some people had higher or lower than expected scores? How would you test to see if the person was really telepathic with regard to Zener cards?
9	Science and Pseudoscience Let’s do it again.
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13	Science and Pseudoscience Is there any evidence that any of you have ESP? What tended to happen on Trial 2 to a person’s score when he or she had a large number of correct responses on Trial 1? Why?
14	Science and Pseudoscience What evidence would you need to convince you that a person does or does not have telepathic powers? Could you design an experiment to provide the evidence?
15	Problems in Pseudoscientific Thought Anecdotes do not make a science Scientific language does not make a science Bold statements do not make claims true Heresy does not equal correctness Rumors do not equal reality Unexplained is not inexplicable Coincidence does not equal proof Source: Shermer, M. (1997). Why People Believe Weird Things: Pseudoscience, Superstition, and Other Confusions of Our Time. New York: W. H. Freeman.