Fundamentals of Biology - Lecture Outline: Chapter 33 - Animal Tissues
Every animal is adapted to:
- maintain
- perform
- protect
- reproduce
4 Basic Tissue Types:
EPITHELIAL TISSUE
- free
- basement
- named by:
- Simple
- Stratified
- Squamous
- Cuboidal
- Columnar
Simple squamous - line blood vessels
- Diffusion
Simple cuboidal - glands + kidneys
- Secretion and absorption
Simple columnar - lining gut
- Secretion and absorption
High regenerative capacity
What are the most common cancers?
Cell-to-cell contacts:
1. Tight junction
2. Adhering junction
3. Gap junction
Glandular epithelium:
Exocrine glands
Endocrine glands
CONNECTIVE TISSUE
- cells (fibroblasts)
- ground substance
- 2 main categories
Connective Tissue Proper:
Loose c.t.
- contain fibroblasts
- semi-fluid
- under skin
- Elasticity
Dense irregular c.t.
- collagen fibers
- less ground substance
- in skin
- Support
Dense regular c.t.
- collagen fibers
- parallel bundles
- tendons + ligaments
- Strength
Specialized Connective Tissue:
Cartilage
- cells in ground substance
- ends of long bones, nose, trachea
- Support
Bone
- collagen fibers
- osteocytes
- Movement
Adipose
- packed with fat
- under skin
- Energy reserves,
Blood
- plasma
Transport gases
Immune
Clotting
Transport hormones
MUSCLE TISSUE
- contracts
- 3 types:
1. Skeletal muscle
- long
- striated
- multi-nucleated
- voluntary
2. Smooth muscle
- spindle-shaped
- involuntary
3. Cardiac muscle
- short, striated cells
- branched
- intercalated discs
NERVOUS TISSUE
- Neurons
- Neuroglia
3 Primary Tissue Layers:
Ectoderm
Mesoderm
Endoderm
Review
Review questions 1-9
Self quiz 1-13
Critical thinking #2