REVIEW SHEET #7
11/15 thru 12/2

These review sheets are presented as outlines of the material covered in class.  They do not provide details, but try to highlight the important areas and concepts covered.  You should use these as a general guide to be sure that you fully understand all the major topics covered during these lectures.  This is NOT an exhaustive list, but an OVERVIEW.  You are responsible for the material covered in class, whether or not it appears on this general outline.

Temperature Regulation

1.  Temperature and Metabolism
    A.  Effects of increased Temp
        i.  denaturation of proteins
        ii.  thermal inactivation
        iii. O2 solubility
        iv. membrane fluidity
        v.  alterations in enyzmatic rates
        vi.  Q10
    B.  Effects of decreased Temp
        i.  crystal formation with freezing
            a.  "antifreezes", eg. glycerol, increased salts
    C.  Two classes of animals
        i.  homeotherms - maintain internal temperature with changing environmental temp
        ii. poikilotherms - internal temperature varies with external temperature

2.  Heat loss vs Heat gain
    A.  radiation
    B.  conduction
    C.  convection
    D.  evaporation
    E.  metabolic heat

3.  Homeotherms
    A.  thermoneutral zone
        i.  no change in BMR
        ii. vasoconstriction/vasodilation
    B.  lower critical temperature
        i.  increase in BMR
        ii. shivering
        iii. non-shivering thermogenesis
        iv. voluntary muscle contraction
    C.  upper critical temperature
        i. increase in BMR
        ii. sweating
        iii. panting
    D. Monitoring body temperature
        i.  hypothalamus
            a.  set point
            b. change in ANS, etc. to alter body temp
        ii. peripheral receptors

4.  Unique adapations
    A.  Marine mammals
        i.  blubber (insulation) - changes in blood flow
        ii.  circulation in fins
            a.  counter current heat exchanger
    B.  "Warm bodied Fishes"
        i.  poikilotherms
        ii. local control of temperature in fast muscles
        iii.  counter current heat exchanger
 

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Last udpated 12/8/04