International Conflict The Origins of Global Fury Afghanistan and the Origins of Global Fury - Spring 07 Afghanistan and the Origins of Global Fury - Fall 06 Cuba and Haiti Religious Revolutions and violence Haiti and the Caribbean Contemporary Issues in International Relations Introduction to International Relations South Asia in a Global and Historical Context Politics of the Third World

Seeing "War of the Worlds": Global politics through Popular films Music of the African Diaspora Worlds of Music Musical Meaning in a Global Context Politics and Literature

Global Political Economy of Oil Understanding Capitalism Foundations in the Political Economy

Ideas and Ideology Love, Hate and Sexual Desire Under Colonialism Junior Year Honors Seminar: Cultural Encounters, 1999-2000

PSC 700
Foundations of Political Economy
I. Starting Assumptions

The thought of 'dead white men' is perhaps worth studying. Like it or not this thought is an integral part of our mental inventory. More importantly, it contains wonderfully rich ambiguities that can (and perhaps must be) reinterpreted to meet contemporary needs. If considered critically it is an heritage which contains significant opportunities.

I approach this heritage from a political economy perspective. Today 'political economy' (as we will see) is a contested term; it means very different things to different people. Nevertheless, it is perhaps fair to give a minimal sense of how I think of political economy. There are at least four assumptions which define my understanding. First, I assume that specific processes of 'production' "color," influence, and permeate other aspects of social life. Ignoring this insight - originally provided by the Scottish Historical School and made famous by Marx and Marxists - means overlooking the importance of the necessary and creative relationship between society and Nature. Second, I assume that political economy is, ultimately, always the study of ethics and aesthetics. Third, I assume that the purpose of the study of political economy is both to understand and to change our world. Fourth, I assume that the study of any ideal, concept, or institution is always the study of its origin, consolidation, and historical change.

The concepts that motivate me are 'self,' 'interest,' 'self-interest,' 'property,' 'markets,' 'economy,' 'development,' 'modernization,' and 'modernity.' These concepts seem to imply each other together forming a cosmology. I am interested in learning if these terms are universal, if they are social and historical constructions limited by time and space, or whether, perhaps, they are both. I believe these seemingly abstract issues are directly connected to such contemporary debates as: the meaning of, and relationship between, wealth and poverty; the tensions between the individual and community; the relationship between nature and society; the role of markets and the state in social life; the organization of international society; the relationship between ethnicity, individuality, wealth, and states; the meaning of economic and political development; the meaning and implications of exploitation; and the future possibility of communication across lines of gender, class, race, ethnicity, and power.

II. Format

The course emphasizes thinking well together. Our weekly discussions, therefore, will be the most important component of the course. While there is no attendance policy regular attendance is assumed as proper etiquette for any seminar. The role of the readings in this course differs from other courses. Readings are meant not to lead us but rather to serve our needs. They serve us in two ways: First, they will give us common ground helping focus our discussion. Second, they will serve to spark our thinking and discussion. The format is designed to put emphasis on our discussion and our ability to explore, construct, and develop ideas.

III. Evaluation

Evaluations will be based on written work. There are six written assignments. Besides the non-graded "entry" and "exit" papers there are also three "essays" or "thoughtpapers" and a take-home final exam. Please refer to my "Writing suggestions for Essays"andmy"How to Write a Thought Paper." The relative weights and due dates of these assignments will be determined jointly on the first day of class. Note Well: in the past students have suggested that these written exercises are the most difficult and the most worthwhile aspect of the course.

While evaluation can be a rewarding process, no one I know likes to assign grades. In this course, grades serve merely as shorthand for characterizing the immediate evaluation process. They say nothing about your general capacity, your intrinsic worth as a human being, nor do they forecast your ability to grow and learn in the future. Keeping this in mind, here is what the evaluator may mean by assigning the following grades: "C" suggests either that a barely adequate amount of effort is noticeable, or that effort is somewhat mis-focused or mis-targeted; "B" suggests that good effort is coupled with a fairly good understanding of what is being asked; "A" reveals both intense effort and excellent achievement. A non-graded essay is no cause for alarm. It usually suggests that we need to further explore and clarify our expectations.

Finally, keep in mind that the evaluation process is reciprocal, hence the "exit paper." Even before the exit paper, however, you will be informally evaluating my performance. I hope that your informal and formal comments on my performance will become part of a regular process. You should know that your formal evaluation of my efforts at the end of the term is significant in two additional ways. First, it affects my standing within the department and the university both socially and financially. Second, and more important, it is often seen as the best indicator of the effectiveness of my efforts. Your evaluation will directly influence my pedagogical framework.

IV. Readings

All readings are both required and tentative. This means that at the end of each session we will agree on future readings. Agreement makes readings required. From session to session readings not on the syllabus may be suggested by anyone in the seminar. The pace and direction of readings will depend on our needs. We will often do close readings of the text in class. Please bring appropriate texts to class.

Please Purchase at the Orange Student Book Store:

Amin, Samir Eurocentricism (Monthly Review 1989)
Avineri, Shlomo Hegel's Theory of the State (Cambridge 1972).
Avineri, Shlomo The Social and Political Thought of Karl Marx (Cambridge 1968).
Caporaso, James and David Levine, Theories of Political Economy (Cambridge 1992)
Polanyi, Karl The Great Transformation (Beacon 1944)
Also Available for your convenience at the Orange Book Store:
Aristotle, Politics, ([ranslated by. Sinclair] (Viking Penguin)
Collingwood, R. G. The Idea of Nature, (Oxford, 1945)
Hobbes, Thomas Leviathan (Penguin 1968 [1651])
Rousseau, Jean Jacques Discourse on the Origin of Inequality [1762] {in the bookstore within The Basic Political Writings of Rousseau (Hacket)}

Smith, Adam An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations (Chicago 1976 [1776][Edited by Edwin Cannan])

Marx, Karl Grundrisse (Viking Penguin 1993 1857-8])
Marx, Karl Capital (Vintage 1977 [1867])

V. Readings with Outline

1. Preliminaries

A. Pedagogical Assumptions

Collingwood, R. G. "PhilosophyasaBranchofLiterature," in Collingwood's Essay on Philosophical Method, (Oxford, 1933), pp. 199-226 [ch. X]).

Inayatullah, Naeem "Statements,etc."

Teaching Statement
Research Statement
Writing Suggestions for Essays
Writing Suggestions for Thought Papers
CV

Kariel, Henry "BecomingPolitical," in Van Dyke (ed) Teaching Political Science, (1977) pp. 129-145.

Orwell, George "PoliticsandtheEnglishLanguage"

Susan Shapiro and Sydney Smith, "Rhetoric, Culture Critique and Liberatory Pedagogy: A Dialogue, Reflections in Writing (missing date and #; call margaret and get this cite)

Tompkins, Jane "TeachbytheValuesyouPreach," in College English, vol. 52, No. 6. [Also in Harper's Magazine, September 1991, pp. 30-35.]

For Future Reference:

Freire, Paulo Pedagogy of the Oppressed (Continuum, 1970)

Shor, Ira and Paulo Freire A Pedagogy of Liberation: Dialogues on Transforming Education (Bergin & Garvey, 1987).

B. Metaphysical Assumptions

Collingwood, R. G. "Introduction," in Collingwood's The Idea of Nature, (Oxford, 1945), pp. 1-27.

Lakoff, George and Mark Johnson, Metaphors We Live By, (Chicago, 1980), pp. 3-32; 229-237 [Ch. 1-6, 30].

C. Political Assumptions

Inayatullah, Naeem "CelebratingtheEndoftheColdWar:ASlightlyPolemicalEssay," PARK working paper # 19.

Caporaso and Levine, "Introduction," and "PoliticsandEconomics," in Theories of Political Economy (Cambridge 1992), pp. 1-32 ["Introduction," and Ch. 1].

For Future Reference:

Inayatullah, Naeem "TowardsanEthicalBasisForPoliticalEconomy," (working manuscript 1991).

2. Contextualizing the Emergence of Political Economy

DeParle, Jason "AnUnfinishedPortraitofthePoor," New York Times, (Sunday, December 26, 1993, section 4, p. 1).

Sahlins, Marshall "TheOriginalAffluentSociety," in Sahlins Stone Age Economics, (Adline 1972) pp. 1-39, [chapter 1]).

Aristotle, Politics, (translated by. Sinclair) Book 1; Book VII, parts 9-10. (Viking Penguin) [get the page numbers when the book comes in].

Polanyi, Karl "AristotleDiscoverstheEconomy," in Polayni et al. (eds.) Trade and Markets in the Early Empires (Chicago: Gateway Editions 1957) pp. 64-94.

Marx, Karl [excerpt on Aristotle in] Capital Volume 1, chapter 1, pp. 151-2 in the Vintage Press edition.

3. From a Constructed to a Spontaneous Order

A. Secondary Sources

Caporaso and Levine, "TheClassicalApproach," in Theories of Political Economy (Cambridge 1992), pp.33-54 [ Ch. 2].

Collingwood, R. G. "TheRenaissanceViewofNature" in Collingwood's The Idea of Nature, (Oxford, 1945), pp. 93-112. [make sure pages 113-132 are included in photocopy]

Hamoway, Ronald The Scottish Enlightenment and the Theory of Spontaneous Order (Southern Illinois University Press, 1987).

Pascal, Roy "Property and Society: The Scottish Historical School of the Eighteenth Century" The Modern Quarterly, March 1938. pp 167-179.

Meek, Ronald The Rise and Fall of the Economic Machine (Leicester 1965).

Meek, Ronald Social Science and the Ignoble Savage (Cambridge 1976) pp.1-67; 230-243 [Introduction, ch 1-2, Afterword].

Inayatullah, Naeem "Necessary Cooperation and Pluralism: Another Heritage of Hobbes and Realism," (Manuscript 1993)

Inayatullah, Naeem "Deepening International Relations Theory's Dependence on Adam Smith: Old Texts, New Readings" (Manuscript 1993).

Inayatullah, Naeem "Theories of Spontaneous Disorder: Generating Intentions in Waltz, Gilpin, and Smith" (Manuscript, 1993)

B. Secondary Sources for Future Reference:

Barry, Norman "TheTraditionofSpontaneousOrder," Literature of Liberty vol 5, 1982, pp. 7-54.

Forbes, Duncan "ScientificWhiggism:AdamSmithandJohnMillar," The Cambridge Journal vol 7, no. 2, August 1954, pp.643-670.

Hayek, Friedrich A. Von "KindsofRationalism," in Hayek's Studies in Philosophy, Politics and Economics, (Chicago 1967) pp.82-95 [ch.5].

Hayek, Friedrich A. Von "TheResultsofHumanActionbutnotofHumanDesign," in Hayek's Studies in Philosophy, Politics and Economics, (1967) pp.96-105 [ch.6].

Merton, Robert K. "TheUnanticipatedConsequencesofPurposiveSocialAction," American Sociological Review vol. 1, #6, Dec. 1936. pp. 894-904.

Ullmann-Margalit, Edna "Invisible-HandExplanations," Synthese 39 (1978) pp. 263-291.

C. Primary Sources

Steuart, James "Preface," and "BookOne,ChapterI-II" An Inquiry into the Principles of Political Oeconomy volume 1 (Chicago 1966 [1767]), pp. 2-29.

Hobbes, Thomas Leviathan (Penguin 1968 [1651]), pp. 81-83; 160-63; 183-217; 223-28. [Introduction, ch. 11,13,14,15,17.]

Locke, John Second Treatise of Government ["An Essay Concerning the True Original, Extent, and End of Civil Government,"] (Mentor 1965 [1689][Laslett edition]), pp. 307-344; 361-399. [ch.1-5; 7-9]. [warning; photocopy and laslett edition pages do not match.]

Rousseau, Jean Jacques Discourse on the Origin of Inequality [1762] {in the bookstore within The Basic Political Writings of Rousseau (Hacket)}

Smith, Adam An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations (Chicago 1976 [1776][Edited by Edwin Cannan]), volume I: pp.1-61; 291-301; 474-479. [Plan of the Work, Book I: ch.1-6; Book II: Introduction, and ch 1; Book IV: ch 2]

Ricardo, David Principles of Political Economy and Taxation, in Works and Correspondence of David Ricardo, Vol. I, ed. P. Sraffa. (Cambridge 1951 [1821]) pp. 11-51 [ch.1]

4. From Natural Capitalism to a Critical Historicity of Capitalism

A. Secondary Sources

Avineri, Shlomo Hegel's Theory of the State (Cambridge 1972).

Avineri, Shlomo The Social and Political Thought of Karl Marx (Cambridge 1968).

Caporaso and Levine, "MarxianPoliticalEconomy," in Theories of Political Economy (Cambridge 1992), pp.55-78 [ Ch. 3].

Collingwood, R. G. "TheRenaissanceViewofNature" in Collingwood's The Idea of Nature, (Oxford, 1945), pp.113-132.

Stace, W. T. The Philosophy of Hegel (Dover 1955) pp.3-133; 374-438.

B. Secondary Sources for Future Reference:

Dumont, Louis From Mandeville to Marx: The Genesis and Triumph of Economic Ideology (Chicago 1977).

Hirschman, Albert O. The Passions and the Interests: Political Arguments for Capitalism before Its Triumph (Princeton 1977)

Levine, David P. Economic Theory volume I (Routledge & Kegan Paul 1978)

Sahlins, Marshal Culture and Practical Reason (Chicago 1976)

C. Primary Sources

Hegel, G.W.F. Philosophy of Right (Oxford 1952 [1821]) pp. 110-160.

Marx, Karl The German Ideology [get complete cite from Bird, and select passages]

Marx, Karl The Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts [get complete cite, and select passages]

Marx, Karl Grundrisse (Viking Penguin 1993 1857-8])

Marx, Karl Capital (Vintage 1977 [1867])

5. Neoclassical Economics: Re-naturalizing the Economy or Highlighting Ontological Individualism and Hiding Politics

A. Secondary Sources

Caporaso and Levine, "NeoclassicalPoliticalEconomy," in Theories of Political Economy (Cambridge 1992), pp.79-100 [ Ch. 4].

B. Primary Sources

Jevons, Stanley The Theory of Political Economy (Macmillan 1924, 4th edition [1871]) pp.v-iv; 1-27; 28-95 (skim)

Menger, Carl "TheFoundationsofEconomicExchange," Principles of Economics (Free Press 1950 [187?]) pp. 174-180. [ch. 4]

Hirshleifer, Jack Price Theory and Applications (Prentice Hall 1985 [3d edition]) pp.2-21; 474-505 (skim), 506-533. [ch.1,15 (skim) 16]

6. Reemergence of Historicity and Politics

Polanyi, Karl The Great Transformation (Beacon 1944)

Levine, David P. "TheSocialPurposeoftheMarket," in Levine's Economic Theory vol. II, (Routledge & Kegan Paul 1981) pp. 275-305. [chapter 7]

Caporaso and Levine, "Justice-centeredTheories," and "Conclusion," in Theories of Political Economy (Cambridge 1992), pp.197-216; 217-225. [chapters 8 and Conclusion]

7. From Political Economy to the Culture of Global Political Economy

Amin, Samir Eurocentricism (Monthly Review 1989)

Blaney, David and Naeem Inayatullah "A Conversation of Cultures: Todorov and Nandy on the Possibility of Dialogue" Alternatives 19, 1 (1994)

Inayatullah, Naeem and David Blaney, "RealizingSovereignty," Review of International Studies (forthcoming)

Inayatullah, Naeem and Mark Rupert, "The Problem of Conflated Ontologies: Hobbes, Smith and Contemporary International Political Economy," in Rossow, Inayatullah, and Rupert (eds.) The Global Economy as Political Space (Forthcoming Lynne Reinner 1994)

8. Towards Closure: The Cultural Purposes of Wealth and Poverty

DeParle, Jason "AnUnfinishedPortraitofthePoor," New York Times, (Sunday, December 26, 1993, section 4, p. 1)

Sahlins, Marshall "TheOriginalAffluentSociety," in Sahlins Stone Age Economics, (Adline 1972) pp. 1-39, [chapter 1])

Inayatullah, Naeem "CelebratingtheEndoftheColdWar:ASlightlyPolemicalEssay," PARK working paper #19